A sole proprietorship is the most common type of business structure. A whopping73％的企业在美国，是独资的。如果您正在考虑开展自己的合资企业并组成独资经营权，请在做出决定之前权衡独资企业的利弊。
独资概述
在您了解所有独资企业的优势和缺点之前，您必须了解有关独资企业的一些背景信息。
A独资老板是拥有并经营自己的业务的人。独资经营者自己经营公司，拥有完全控制权，并为独资经营做出所有决定。
Sole proprietorship pros and cons
So, you’re thinking about starting a sole proprietorship, eh? Before you run off and become a sole proprietor, weigh the pros and cons of sole proprietorship.
Pros of sole proprietorship
Take a look at some advantages of sole proprietorship below.
1. Easy and inexpensive to form
Part of what makes sole proprietorships so appealing is that, out of all the other types of structures, they’re the easiest to form and manage. Not to mention, sole proprietorships are the least expensive to start up. You don’t have to jump through as many hoops as you would starting acorporation或LLC。
To start your sole proprietorship, simply register your company and apply for any业务许可证和许可证you might need with your city and state. You may have to pay some small fees, depending on what permits and licenses you need to get.
成为独资老板还可以使您在扩大业务运营之前测试水域。许多合作伙伴关系和公司都是从独资经营开始的，后来扩展。
2. More control
Because a sole proprietorship is owned and operated by one individual, one person has complete control of the business. The sole proprietor is the boss and sole decision-maker of the company.
Many individuals become sole proprietors so they can be their own boss and run the business on their own terms.
3.Quicker tax preparation
As a sole proprietor, filing your taxes is generally easier than other business structures. Sole proprietors’ income is taxed as personal income, making it easier to handle come tax time. Business assets and liabilities are not separate because sole proprietorships are not a separate business entity. All you have to do is include your sole proprietorship’s profit and losses and your personal income on your individual income tax return form,Form 1040，美国个人所得税申报表。
With other business structures, the business entity may have to file its own tax return. And, owners, partners, and stockholders have to file separate tax returns for the income they received from business operations.
4. Less paperwork
Part of a sole proprietorship’s simplicity is the paperwork. Setting up a sole proprietorship requires little paperwork and legal formalities. Other structures, like corporations or partnerships, require you to prepare sets of documents and submit them to several agencies.
借助许多其他业务结构，您还需要在构成业务之后必须跟踪的其他文书工作。这可能是从保留详细的财务记录和声明到向州提交报告的任何事情。如果您是独资老板，则不必担心额外的文书工作。
Cons of sole proprietorship
Weigh the disadvantages of sole proprietorship before starting a company by yourself.
1.个人责任
As a sole proprietor, you’re 100% liable for all of the business debts and obligations. Because a sole proprietorship is not a separate legal entity, all of your personal assets (e.g., house) are linked to the business. There is no separation between the individual and the business in a sole proprietorship.
If something were to happen to your business, you would be held personally liable. For example, if your sole proprietorship runs into financial trouble, creditors can come after your personal assets.
在使用独资经营之路之前，请考虑一下个人资产时愿意承担多少风险。如果您不想对自己的业务承担个人责任，请考虑存在的业务结构，该业务结构是其自己的实体（例如，公司）。
2.难以筹集资金
对于独资经营者来说，筹集资金或安排长期融资可能更困难，因为它们的资产通常比其他类型的企业少。由于缺乏资产和稳定，银行机构和贷方对扩大贷款或向独资经营授予资金的愿望。银行和贷方希望确保企业能够偿还贷款并按时完成期限。
如果您想建立独资经营权，则可能由于您的业务结构而难以筹集资金。
3.更多的责任
When you become a sole proprietor, you own and operate your sole proprietorship on your own. Because you’re the one running the show, all of the responsibilities fall onto your lap. Here are a few responsibilities of a sole proprietor:
- 做出决定
- Managing your books
- 处理业务税
- 经营您的业务
如果您很容易被烧毁或不想承担独生所有人的责任，则可能需要考虑另一个结构（例如，合作伙伴关系）。
4. No room for expansion
独资经营的一种局限性是，扩张和增长的空间几乎没有。凭借独资经营权，只有一个人（又名您）。如果您想在将来扩大业务（找合作伙伴，找到投资者等），则需要改变业务结构。
How to know if sole proprietorship is the way to go
Along with considering the pros and cons to sole proprietorship, you should also ask yourself the following questions to ensure it’s the right fit for your venture:
- Will I be able to handle 100% of the responsibilities?
- Am I capable of making important decisions?
- 我可以应对成为独资老板的压力吗？
- 我对个人承担责任感到自在吗？
请记住，如果您最初是一个独资老板，则可以随时切换到另一个type of business structure.
Ready to start a sole proprietorship? Here’s what to do…
As you know by now, starting a sole proprietorship is simple. If you’re ready to make the leap and become a sole proprietor, follow the steps below:
- Establish a business name
- 开设商业银行帐户（选修的）
- 获得营业许可证
- Apply for state-specific permits
- 获得其他许可证和许可证（例如，如果您在食品行业中，健康许可证）
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This article is updated from its original publication date of August 7, 2014.
This is not intended as legal advice; for more information, please点击这里。