在某个时候，您的一名员工可能需要在分娩前后休假。在此之前，您必须创建并实施产假政策。
但是，在您制定政策之前，熟悉并遵守产假法律。
What is maternity leave?
Maternity leave is time off that new mothers can use to care for their newborns. Most businesses refer to maternity leave asparental leave。育儿假允许母亲和父亲在出生或收养孩子后抽出时间。
Maternity leave can be paid or unpaid, depending on state laws and your business’s policy.
您必须为员工提供产假吗？对于许多雇主来说，答案是肯定的。如果产假法律适用于您的业务，则必须提供休息时间。
What are maternity leave laws?
在工作法中既有联邦和州产妇权利。这是您需要了解的三个法律：
- 1978年的怀孕歧视法：联邦
- Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA): Federal
- 带薪家庭和病假计划：州
怀孕歧视法
As the name suggests, the怀孕歧视法of 1978保护怀孕的员工。
Under the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, employers cannot discriminate against employees based on pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions.
To comply with the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, follow these劳工部指南：
- 不要排除怀孕或最近从您的招聘过程中分娩的候选人
- 只要能够
- Do not terminate or deny promotions to an employee due to pregnancy, childbirth, or a related medical condition
- 休假时保持员工的工作开放
- 不要设定一个规则禁止员工returning to work after maternity leave for a specified amount of time
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act protects all employees from discrimination before and after childbirth.
Federal maternity rights at work: Unpaid
《家庭和病假法》（FMLA）要求雇主每年为雇员提供多达12周的无薪假期，以便父母和医疗相关的假期。
Although FMLA is a federal law, it doesn’t apply to all businesses. Businesses with more than 50 employees are required to follow the FMLA. Some businesses with fewer than 50 employees may also need to offer FMLA leave (e.g., joint employers).
并非所有员工都有资格FMLA coverage。Employees must work for FMLA-covered employers for at least 12 months and work 1,250 hours during the 12 months immediately before the leave.
受FMLA管辖的雇主必须允许符合条件的雇员休产假。
State laws on paid maternity leave
Recently, more and more states have started implementing Paid Family and Medical Leave (PFML) programs.
Like the FMLA,有带薪休假的州require employers to offer employees time off for parental and medical-related leave. Unlike the FMLA, employees can take paid time off through PFML programs.
以下目前有州请假法律：
- 加利福尼亚
- 科罗拉多州（即将推出）
- Connecticut
- 华盛顿
- Massachusetts
- 新罕布什尔州（即将推出，自愿）
- 新泽西州
- 纽约
- Oregon (coming soon)
- Rhode Island
- 华盛顿
如果员工或其雇主付款参加该计划，则可以休产假。员工还必须满足某些要求，例如工作数量的小时，才有资格获得PFML。
Each state sets its own contribution rates and distribution amounts. Check with your state for more information.
受国家PFML计划管辖的雇主必须从雇员工资中捐款或扣留资金，以便雇员可以缴纳带薪产假。
Other states, like马里兰州, allow employees to use州裁定的带薪病假for maternity leave.
Questions your maternity leave policy should answer
现在，您熟悉产假法律，您可以将您的产假政策纳入写作。
您的产假政策应解决常见的员工问题，例如付款，可以使用多长时间，可以接受它以及任何工作住宿。
确保将您的产假政策添加到您的员工手册。
1.产假是付费的吗？
Your maternity leave policy should answer whether you provide paid or unpaid maternity leave.
如果你住在一个国家,需要带薪假期, you must offer paid maternity leave. Include how much employees should expect to receive while on leave. For example, California employees receive approximately 60-70% of their regular wages while on leave.
You can decide to offer paid maternity leave even if you aren’t required to.根据一份报告, more than one in three employers offer paid maternity leave beyond what’s required by law.
但是，只有50岁员工的企业工人中只有11％可以访问带薪家庭假，according to the BLS。If you want to stand out as an employer, consider voluntarily offering paid maternity leave.
Here’s a quick snapshot of what you should detail in this section of your policy:
- Whether maternity leave is paid vs. unpaid
- Information on your state’s PFML, if applicable
- Percentage of regular weekly wages employees will earn if paid
2.产假多长时间？
Your maternity leave policy should also detail the length of time employees can take off from work.
When adding how long employees can take off for maternity leave, remember federal and state laws.
FMLA provides up to 12 weeks per year for unpaid family and medical leave. States provide anywhere from 6-12 weeks of paid time off.
如果您不遵守FMLA或州PFML法律，则可能不确定提供多少时间。
So, what’s the average maternity leave time?找到一个来源平均产假时间为10周。
您可以决定提供带薪和无薪产假。在政策中包括两者的时间长度。
This section of your policy should include:
- How long unpaid maternity leave is
- 如果适用，您为带薪产假提供了多长时间
- 产假的总长度
3.谁可以休产假？
同样，并非所有员工都受到联邦和州育儿假法的涵盖。请务必讨论员工何时符合带薪休假，无薪假或两者的资格。
Remember that under FMLA rules, employees must work for at least 12 months and 1,250 hours to be eligible for leave.
Most states require that employees work for a certain number of weeks or hours before taking leave. And, some states restrict which employees can take paid family leave based on earnings.
如果您自愿提供有偿或受保护的无薪产假，请总结有关谁有资格的信息。
Be sure to include:
- 员工在休假之前必须工作几个月
- How many hours employees must work before taking leave
- 任何其他限制（例如，最低工资）
4. Will I offer flexible work schedules?
对于许多员工来说，产假后重返工作岗位是困难的。根据SHRM, 81% of employers allow at least some employees to come back to work gradually after childbirth.
如果您有能力，则可以考虑为员工提供flexible work arrangement。This may include the option to work remotely or to work flexible schedules before or after maternity leave.
This section of your maternity leave policy should detail:
- Work accommodations employees can receive before and after maternity leave
制定产假政策后，请确保您的员工可以阅读它！爱国者的vwin.com德赢娱乐网 add-on to ourvwin.comac德赢官方首页 使员工可以轻松在线访问重要文件。今天就开始免费试用！
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